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Medications used to treat kidney-related disorders, including:
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Management:
1. ACE inhibitors (e.g., lisinopril, enalapril): Reduce proteinuria, slow CKD progression
2. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) (e.g., losartan, valsartan): Similar to ACE inhibitors
3. Calcium channel blockers (e.g., amlodipine, verapamil): Control hypertension
4. Diuretics (e.g., furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide): Manage fluid overload
Electrolyte and Acid-Base Balance:
1. Potassium binders (e.g., patiromer, sodium polystyrene sulfonate): Manage hyperkalemia
2. Phosphate binders (e.g., sevelamer, calcium acetate): Manage hyperphosphatemia
3. Bicarbonate supplements (e.g., sodium bicarbonate): Manage metabolic acidosis
Anemia Management:
1. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) (e.g., epoetin alfa, darbepoetin alfa): Stimulate red blood cell production
2. Iron supplements (e.g., iron sucrose, ferric gluconate): Support ESA therapy
Hypertension and Proteinuria:
1. Beta-blockers (e.g., metoprolol, atenolol): Control hypertension
2. Aldosterone antagonists (e.g., spironolactone): Manage resistant hypertension
Kidney Transplant Immunosuppressants:
1. Calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., cyclosporine, tacrolimus): Prevent rejection
2. Corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone): Suppress immune response
3. Azathioprine: Immunosuppressive agent
4. Mycophenolate mofetil: Immunosuppressive agent
Nephrotic Syndrome and Glomerulonephritis:
1. Corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone): Reduce inflammation
2. Cyclophosphamide: Immunosuppressive agent
3. Rituximab: Monoclonal antibody for autoimmune disorders
Mineral and Bone Disorder Management:
1. Vitamin D analogs (e.g., calcitriol, paricalcitol): Manage secondary hyperparathyroidism
2. Cinacalcet: Manage hyperparathyroidism
3. Bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate, zoledronic acid): Manage osteoporosis